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Twenty-Spotted Lady Beetle » Eclectic Echoes
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Twenty-Spotted Lady Beetle

This Psyllobora vigintimaculata (Twenty-Spotted Lady Beetle) was found on the underside of a leaf of common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) we brought home from near the library to feed to Cater who is now eating so voraciously we fear he may start on the drapes if we do…ok not really but he is eating two to three medium sized milkweed leaves per day…

Before refrigerating the leaves we check them for predators and other hitchhikers. This Lady Bird Beetle was a scant 1.8mm in diameter. I checked it first under the microscope, then put everything I could into the macro to get a half decent shot. For hand held I think it holds up pretty well. Gotta work on flash techniques though.

Unlike most lady bird beetles, this tiny beetle feeds primarily on fungus found on leaves and stems of many plants.

Classification

Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Arthropoda
Class
Insecta
Order
Coleoptera
Family
Coccinellidae
Genus
Psyllobora
Species
Psyllobora vigintimaculata

Originally I had a special guest photo lined up for the Life Photo Meme, but somehow I forgot it’s Invert Thursday! The guest photo is definitely not an invertebrate. So I guess that posting will have to wait for next week!

Chelicerata!

Horseshoe Crab

One of two horseshoe crabs, Limulus polyphemus (Linnaeus, 1758), seen on a recent trip to the beach. The horseshoe crab is an ancient resident of the shores of Eastern North America, having changed very little since the early Paleozoic Era some 450 million years ago.

The name horseshoe crab is a bit of a misnomer as they are not crustaceans as crabs are, but are chelicerata like spiders, scorpions and ticks. All chelicerata lack the mandibles of crustaceans and other arthropods to chew food, but have pointed appendages called chelicerae (think spider fangs) to bring food to the mouth. Because the lack chewing structures though most chelicerates drink blood (ticks & mites) or inject digestive enzymes into their prey to pre-digest they food so they can then drink it. Horseshoe crabs are scavengers, eating molluscs, worms and bits of flesh. Lacking jaws they use their legs to tear food up and a gizzard filled with gravel and sand to further process the food.

Horseshoe crabs are primarily used as bait for fishermen. Unfortunately they are hacking up enough of them to significantly contribute to recent declines in the number of horseshoe crabs. Another contributing problem is beachfront development and traffic. Horseshoe crabs make their nests on beaches on the spring tide. There females make 15-20cm depressions in the sand just below the high water mark and lay a batch of eggs in the nest before dragging a male, clinging to her tail with special claspers, across the nest to fertilize the eggs. In total a large female may lay 60,000 eggs. On the next spring tide the eggs hatch and the larvae emerge. They will swim in the plankton for 5 to 7 days before settling to the bottom and spending a dozen years molting and growing before becoming sexually mature. They can live another 10 15 years as adults.

The egg nests are important for a number of migratory shorebird species which time their return to be on the beaches of the Del-Mar-Va peninsula and especially Delaware Bay during the horseshoe crab nesting season. Unfortunately with decreasing number of adults breeding there are significantly fewer nests. The cascading impact was enough to prompt New Jersey to ban taking horseshoe crabs for any reason other than for medical purposes.

The medical industry uses horseshoe crab blood to test serums for contamination as the blood of horseshoe crabs has a unique substance that clots in the presence of harmful bacteria. Horsecrabs are gathered and “donate” blood for use, then are returned to the sea where their blood volume quickly returns to normal levels. Oh, like cephalopods (and other molluscs) these are true blue bloods, since their blood does not contain iron based hemoglobin (like ours) but instead copper based hemocyanin which turns blue when exposed to oxygen.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Arthopoda
Subphylum Chelicerata
Class Merostomata
Order Xiphosura
Family Limulidae
Genus Limulus
Species Limulus polyphemus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Stuffed Giant Earthworms with Cicada Pie

Monday I baked bread and made manicotti for dinner. Since I wanted to use the Swiss chard before it went bad, I made that our side dish. I have a great recipe with garlic, lemon juice, capers, and tomatoes. Johann requested more garlic and less lemon juice, so I changed the recipe and thought he would like it. He ate it fine that night.

Well, he doesn’t like it as much as I would like him to. Even though the changes made it more palatable to him, he really didn’t want it again on Tuesday. Eric and I both told him again how he needs to eat things that aren’t his favorite too. Sometimes you eat foods because you know they are good for you, even if they aren’t your favorite. We were still letting him know we expect him to clean his plate without screaming, “It’s on your plate! Eat it! You’re not leaving this table until it’s all gone!!!” I definitely didn’t want to repeat history on that one. I can still hear my dad’s loud words echoing in my ears!

Then Eric started to talk about how he found a recipe for cicada pie online and wrote a post about it for The Other 95%. I sighed. The copepod poop stories at past dinner times were bad enough. I’m glad I eat fast. I was already finished with my dinner before I could lose my appetite.

Johann perked up. The change in conversation topic was just what we needed. Anything that grosses Mommy out is fun. The discussion turned to all the insects we knew of that people eat. Some people eat chocolate covered grasshoppers. Eric has eaten chocolate covered ants. In Asia they eat fried cockroaches as snacks. In Australia people eat grubs. I told Johann the man who wrote the cicada pie recipe said cicadas taste like cold asparagus. He replied, “I like asparagus! I bet I’d like cicada pie!!”

Eric suggested that Johann pretend his Swiss chard was cicada pie while he ate it and then it wouldn’t be so bad to him. We thought it tasted good, but understood if he didn’t like it as much. With that said, he was still expected to eat all of it. Johann was very happy to pretend he was eating cicada pie and it was gone in no time. In between bites he kept complimenting me on how I make such yummy cicada pie, very crunchy.

Then Eric expanded the game to the manicotti. He asked Johann what the manicotti could be. They decided it was giant stuffed earthworms with tomato meat sauce on top. Not only did Johann clean his plate, I got the ultimate stamp of approval: “Thank you, Mommy for making such a wonderful dinner. I really enjoyed the stuffed giant earthworms and the cicada pie. You know, when I thought of it as cicada pie, the Swiss chard tasted better to me. It didn’t seem so bad after all.” Gee, thanks.

Tonight was clean out leftovers night. Eric had the last of the stuffed giant earthworms. Johann ate twisted earthworms (hotdogs) with white chocolate covered ants (rice). I had roasted weevils (black beans) with ladybug larvae (tomatoes) and yellow ants (Spanish rice). At least they had the decency to wait until after I’d swallowed my last bite before they told me what my dinner was.

Our Garden

Bleeding Heart

Bleeding Heart
Originally uploaded by eclectic echoes.

I love languages and learning about the origins of words and phrases. I collect quotes. I also love gardens. It shouldn’t have been surprising at all, but it just dawned on me that the majority of my quote collection is linked to gardening in some way. One of my particular favorites is, “The difference between courtship and marriage is the difference between the pictures in a seed catalogue and what comes up.” –James Wharton

Those little snippets of wisdom are easy things to remember in times of stress and things I draw on for moral  courage. “Plant kindness.” “Bloom where you’re planted.” “The flower that blooms in adversity is the most rare and beautiful of all.” “Where you tend a rose a thistle cannot grow.”

“Gardening is the art that uses flowers and plants as paint, and the soil and sky as canvas.” –Elizabeth Murray

Eric and Johann have been helping me create our beautiful garden. My original vision was to create a backyard habitat for birds and butterflies as a Shanti School project for Johann. At the same time, I would get to finally play in the dirt while I’m passing on my love of nature and gardening. Maybe we could even grow some of our own food. This is a natural extension of our nature and listening walks that I started with Johann when he was 3 years old.

“Gardening requires lots of water — most of it in the form of perspiration.” –Lou Erickson

As with most endeavors, there was much more work involved in making this garden happen than we realized. When we started the weeds were taller than me. After a week of solid weeding, I thought we could start planting. But I couldn’t dig a hole. And then I found out why.

After lots of digging we found layers of sand covered with dirt, then weed block fabric, then several inches of chip gravel followed by more weed fabric and dirt, and then a thick layer of mulch. Plants were placed directly on top of the weed fabric and/or covered with weed fabric at the base. The plants were unhealthy and dying. The weeds took hold in the weed cloth and were thriving. Even if you weeded, there would still be roots in the weed cloth that could send up a new shoot. There were also lots of rocks, some of them cobblestones, which we have used to line the back of the garden. We even pulled out several 10 foot lengths of plastic edging, a fork, broken glass, and a drill bit.

Asian Lady

Asian Lady
Originally uploaded by eclectic echoes.

We dug everything up in the back flower bed and sifted out as much of the gravel as possible. We extracted enough gravel to recover the 90 square foot parking area on the other side of the property a good 3 inches deep. We are almost done with the front flower bed. We are working section by section and replanting as we go. The level of the flower beds has gone down a good 4-5 inches in the process of removing all the junk. Landscapers who have been hired to redo the garden in the past just put another layer on top rather that take out the old before putting in the new. Johann is learning the value of hard work, delayed gratification, and doing a job right the first time. The plants and tree that were already in the flower beds are now thriving. We are already attracting birds, bees, and ladybugs to the garden. Working together as a family on this feels good and has gotten a lot of attention.

“Show me your garden and I shall tell you what you are.” –Alfred Austin

When Johann and I were outside last fall, a little girl who was about 7 or 8 years old was walking by with her father. She asked, “Daddy, what are they doing?” He replied, “They’re gardening. See? They dig holes in the ground and then plant the flowers.” I thought it very sad that she had no idea what we were doing. Even though I couldn’t garden with Johann like I wanted before now, I made sure he potted houseplants with me, I told him stories about my garden in Idaho, and we read books with pictures of gardens and people working in them. The father’s response made me feel like Johann and I were doing an historical reenactment in period costume, not planting our bulbs for the spring.

Used to be I could talk about gardening to anyone and they would eagerly share their stories or at least smile about my enthusiasm. Around here it depends. Some people are avid gardeners also. Others get haughty or simply don’t get it. Why would I want to get dirty and sweaty? Why don’t I pay someone else to do it for me? Why would I want to be out in the garden for any other reason besides having a party? But money doesn’t buy everything.

“The highest reward for a person’s toil is not what they get for it, but what they become by it.” –John Ruskin

This area seems to be a land of extremes. There are some people who are open and friendly and others that just plain aren’t. Our old neighbor let his dog go to the bathroom in our garden right where we were working every day and kept telling me I was crazy for doing this for nothing. We had a hole in the front flower bed for a few days while we were moving some of the larger shrubs to give them more room to grow. People were throwing trash into the hole and often throw trash into the finished parts of the garden. Many people walk through the garden rather than take the path a few feet away. They simply don’t care.

Numerous people have commented on how we should get paid for our work. They are dazed when we tell them we volunteered to do this. Our payment is in creating and tending the garden, creating something beautiful. My father’s credo as a military officer was always leave a place better than you found it. The people who come after you will appreciate it. Military life is hard enough without finding your new home in a shambles. And it is important not to leave the locals with a bad taste in their mouth about you and military people in general.

“When the world wearies and ceases to satisfy, there is always the garden.” –Anonymous

Japanese Iris

Japanese Iris
Originally uploaded by
eclectic echoes.

On the flip side, the optician downstairs has given us Japanese iris from her own garden and helped do some of the weeding by the building. Two other friends have given us plants from their gardens. We have been coordinating with our next door neighbor, since the property line goes right down the center of the flower beds. We’re supplying the labor and the plants, he’s getting the mulch and the cedar we need to make the towers for the birdhouses, in addition to giving us the occasional free pizza from his restaurant.

He likes how we’ve turned “the barren wasteland” (the back flower bed) into a shade garden with hostas, bleeding hearts, and wild bluebells. We are being watched with interest. People are deliberately coming by to check our progress. The optometrist has personally come out to thank us for our efforts, because it benefits his business as well. He said his customers have commented on how nice the mostly sunny front flower bed looks, and all we’ve done is get rid of the weeds. I’ve got lots of ideas to make that area full of color for them to see out the window and for us to enjoy while we’re maintaining the garden.

“He who plants a garden, plants happiness.” –Chinese proverb

When our daffodils and grape hyacinths came up this spring, Johann was so thrilled. He wanted to start planting for next spring right away. I’m so grateful we have the opportunity to garden here. I’ve been without a garden since we left Idaho 6 years ago. It’s true you don’t realize how important things are to you until they are taken away. Many of the things I’ve longed to do with Johann in the garden I’m finally able to do. Hopefully someday we’ll have our own small house with a very large garden around it and we’ll be able to do it all.

I also noticed that after our bulbs came up, all of a sudden the space under the tree by the path behind our building was cleaned up and replanted. The island in the parking lot was weeded and freshly planted with hostas and daffodils. The landscapers came over and looked at our back flower bed to see what we did before going back to work. We are deliberately choosing plants to benefit birds and butterflies, trying to use as many native plants as possible in the process. Hopefully they will copy that part of it as well. I never thought we’d have that affect here as we did in Idaho.

“One is nearer God’s heart in a garden than anywhere else on earth.” –Anynomous

Our situation is still the same, but I have more hope now that I have a garden again. I am more at peace in the garden. The fact that we had a garden wedding was very deliberate. If Johann could have been born at the rental house where I had my garden, I would have wanted to be in the garden then too. (Whether or not Eric would have allowed it is a different topic!) People around here have a habit of couching anything religious they might say with, “I’m NOT religious. But this comes to mind…” Well, I’m going to end with this quote without saying that. Take from it what you can.

Meadow Sage

Meadow Sage
Originally uploaded by
eclectic echoes.

“Oh, Adam was a gardener, and God
Who made him sees
That half a proper gardener’s work
Is done upon his knees.
So when your work is finished,
You can wash your hands and pray
For the Glory of that Garden
That it may not pass away.”

Rudyard Kipling

Historical Ecology and Brittle Stars on Acid

I’m so close to being done with the semester. I have one last exam. It’s for a great class, but the final exam is killing me. It’s a take home exam, which means it’s far harder than what we would be subjected to in an in class exam. Well, except maybe the Marine Reaction and Transport exam…that one really HURT! Of course the three extra credit questions rocked for me at least… the answers were SRV, Deep Purple and the Stones. Most of the younger students had no clue. I hope he does similar extra credit when I take his Marine Geology course.

This morning while procrastinating over my take home exam, I read and summarized a new bit of research from the Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Researchers there worked with a brittle star that is common in the north sea sediments to determine how it would react to short to mid term exposures to a more acidic ocean. This is highly relevant since the ocean has been growing slowly more acidic, and a large number of marine invertebrates, including many commercially important ones, have shells, or exoskeletons of calcium carbonates. As the ocean pH goes down, those creatures will be stressed trying to maintain their shells.

Who is going to be affected? The list is long and distinguished – Corals, lobster, crabs, shrimp, oysters, clams, scallops, mussels, pteropods, sea stars, sea urchins, snails, conch, crinoids and lots more.  What’s more many of these creatures are very important because they are bio-engineers creating habitat (corals and oysters) or they filter the water and sediments to keep them clean (oysters, clams, mussels).  Many are also key species in the diet of other commercially and ecologically important species. Understanding how these organisms will react to acidification is important if we are going to have any hope of protecting the ecosystem we rely on for so much of our food let alone recreation and other uses. Check out the discussion at The Other 95% (that’s all the world without a backbone).

I have also added a critical review of Franklin’s The Most Important Fish in the Sea. It is a significantly shortened, readers digest version of a critical review submitted for one of my classes.

Edited: Replaced that wimpy hacked version of SRV’s Texas Flood with the full cut from the same concert that runs 9:34

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